Merve Tomas1 , Deniz Günal-Köroğlu1 , Senem Kamiloglu2,3, Tugba Ozdal4 and Esra Capanoglu1,5*
Abstract
Phytochemicals help mitigate skin aging by scavenging free radicals, modulating key enzymatic pathways, and promoting the skin’s structural integrity. Carotenoids, vitamins, essential fatty acids, and phenolic compounds work by acting as antioxidants, inhibiting enzymes like hyaluronidase, collagenase, and elastase, which degrade skin structure, and reducing levels of inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, etc.) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP- 2) linked to aging. Recent research highlights that plant-based phytochemicals can improve skin elasticity, reduce hyperpigmentation, prevent the breakdown of important skin proteins, and support wound healing, making them valuable components for skin care and treatments. This review explores the multifaceted roles of phytochemicals in maintaining and improving skin health, highlighting their mechanisms of action and potential in skin anti-aging
Keywords Skin care, Anti-aging, Phytochemicals, Polyphenols, Carotenoids, Fatty acids, Saponins, Alkoloids
*Correspondence:
Esra Capanoglu
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1 Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Türkiye
2 Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Türkiye
3 Science and Technology Application and Research Center (BITUAM), Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Gorukle, Bursa, Türkiye
4 Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Okan University, 34959 Tuzla, Istanbul, Türkiye
5 School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
Leah Cliatt , Joanna Petrides
Corresponding author: Leah Cliatt, 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。
Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic sparked an interest in skincare with the closure of spas and salons. Skincare, one of TikTok's most popular dermatology-related hashtags, received hundreds of millions of views. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) sharedfacial cleansing recommendations; however, how many people follow them is unclear. Studies have shown a good daily facial cleansing andmoisturizing routine can increase microbiome diversityand skin hydration. This can be beneficial in conditions like psoriasis, eczema, and acne.
Purpose
The aim of the study is to assess how well people follow the AAD recommendations and evaluate any differences in this behavior by gender.
Methods
A 19-question survey was designed and administered utilizing Qualtrics. The questions included demographic information, facial cleansing practices, and motivation for skincare routine. The survey was distributed via Rowan Email and on various social media platforms (GroupMe, Instagram, etc.) to target the general population. The data was analyzed using SPSS.
Results
One hundred twenty-four responses were collected from 91 female-identifying and 33 male-identifying participants. There were statistically significant differences between genders for the use of non-alcoholic gentle cleanser (p<0.001), use of moisturizer after washing the face (p<0.001), washing the face after sweating (p<0.001), and using warm water (p=0.026). No statistically significant difference was seen for face washing occurrence between genders (p=0.098). Statistically significant differences were seen between genders for motivation: hygiene (p<0.001), beauty/anti-aging (p<0.001), and health (p=0.004).
Conclusion
Individuals who identify as female may be more likely to adhere to AAD facial skincare recommendations. This could be a result of self-reported motivations such as hygiene, beauty, and health.
Categories: Dermatology
Keywords: beauty, dermatologic agents, dermatology, face cleansing, face washing, female, hygiene, skin
Review began 11/19/2024
Review ended 12/12/2024
Published 12/16/2024
© Copyright 2024
Cliatt et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.75810
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