Hyungjoon Jeon Yong Won Shin Jong Gu Won Nojin Park Sang-Wook Park Nam Seo Son Mi-Sun Kim

LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H), LG Science Park R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Correspondence: Hyungjoon Jeon (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。) Mi-Sun Kim (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。)

Received: 29 January 2024

Revised: 21 June 2024

Accepted: 19 July 2024

Keywords: arginine | chondroitin sulfate | glutamine | skin hydration | TEWL | water-holding capacity

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The study explored the enhanced skin moisturizing capabilities and moisture retention effects achieved by forming a polyion complex using sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), specifically chondroitin sulfate (CS), and amino acids (AA) such as glutamine (Q) and arginine (R). The overall hydration effect of this CS-AA complex was examined.

Methods: After analyzing the CS-AA polyion complex structure using spectroscopic methods, the ex vivo moisture retention ability was assessed under dry conditions using porcine skin samples. Additionally, the efficacy of the CS-AA polyion complex in reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and improving skin hydration was evaluated on human subjects using a digital evaporimeter and a corneometer, respectively.

Results: Validating a systematic reduction in particle size, the following order was observed: CS > CS/AA simple mixture > CSAA complex based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Furthermore, observations revealed that the CS-AA complex exhibits negligible surface charge. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis demonstrated a distinct peak shift in the complex, confirming the successful formation of the CS-AA complex. Subsequently, the water-holding effect through porcine skin was assessed, revealing a notable improvement in moisture retention (weight loss) for the CS-Q complex: 40.6% (1 h), 20.5% (2 h), and 18.7% (4 h) compared to glycerin. Similarly, the CS-R complex demonstrated enhancements of 50.2% (1 h), 37.5% (2 h), and 33% (4 h) compared to glycerin. Furthermore, TEWL improvement efficacy on human skin demonstrated approximately 25% improvement for both the CS-Q complex and CS-R complex, surpassing the modest 12.5% and 18% improvements witnessed with water and glycerin applications, respectively. Finally, employing a corneometer, hydration changes in the skin were monitored over 4 weeks. Although CS alone exhibited nominal alterations, the CS-Q complex and CS-R complex showed a significant increase in moisture levels after 4 weeks of application.

Conclusion: In this study, polyion complexes were successfully formed between CS, a sulfated GAG, and AA. Comparisons with glycerin, a well-known moisturizing agent, confirmed that the CS-AA complex exhibits superior moisturizing effects in various aspects. These findings suggest that the CS-AA complex is a more effective ingredient than CS or AA alone in terms of efficacy.

Fan Yang1 Xinyuan Zhang2 Hua Wang1 Miao Guo1 Jinlong Zhang1 Xuejiao Feng3 Jiayi Yu3 Jiahui Yang3 Jinjin Zhu4 Yiyu Wang3

1 Research & Development Center, Mageline Biology Tech Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China

2 Shanghai Skinshield Clinical Testing and Technological Research Ltd., Shanghai, China

3 Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China

4 Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China

Correspondence

Jinjin Zhu, Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430022, China.

Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Yiyu Wang, Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.

Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Abstract

Background: The delicate periorbital region is susceptible to skin dehydration, wrinkles, and loss of elasticity. Thus, targeted and effective anti-aging interventions are necessary for the periorbital area.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new anti-aging eye cream formulated with the active complex (Yeast/rice fermentation filtrate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, palmityl tripeptide-1, and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7).

Methods: The cell viability and expressions of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components of the active complex were evaluated using a human skin fibroblast model. In the 12-week clinical trial, skin hydration, elasticity, facial photographs, and collagen density following eye cream application were assessed using Corneometer, Cutometer, VISIA, and ultrasound device, respectively. Dermatologists and participants evaluated clinical efficacy and safety at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

Results: PCR and immunofluorescent analyses revealed that the active complex significantly stimulated fibroblast proliferation (p < 0.05) and markedly promote the synthesis of collagen and elastin. Clinical findings exhibited a substantial enhancement in skin hydration (28.12%), elasticity (18.81%), and collagen production (54.99%) following 12 weeks of eye cream application. Dermatological evaluations and participants’ assessments reported a significant improvement in skin moisture, roughness, elasticity, as well as fine lines and wrinkles by week 8.

Conclusion: The new anti-aging eye cream, enriched with the active complex, demonstrates comprehensive rejuvenating effects, effectively addressing aging concerns in the periorbital area, coupled with a high safety profile.

KEYWORDS anti-aging, collagen, elastin, extracellular matrix, eye cream, wrinkle

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

© 2024 The Author(s). Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Kyu-Ho Yi1,2

1 Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea

2 Maylin Clinic (Apgujeong), Seoul, South Korea

Correspondence

Kyu-Ho Yi, Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50–1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722,

Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Abstract

Facial aging prompts a shift in the demands for lifting procedures, transitioning from targeted improvements in younger individuals to overall facial contour enhancements as skin elasticity declines in later years. This paper examines the evolution of PDO volumizing threads, delineating their development from initial limitations to contemporary innovations aimed at addressing tissue deformation and maintaining thread integrity post-insertion. Categorizing these threads based on elasticity, shape, and functionality underscores their versatility and application nuances, catering to specific wrinkle correction, contour sculpting, and facial volume restoration. The discussion emphasizes the pivotal role of thread characteristics in achieving optimal outcomes while minimizing potential complications. By delving into historical contexts, mechanisms, effectiveness, and thread classification, this paper equips practitioners with a comprehensive understanding to make informed decisions in selecting threads for volumizing thread procedures. Recommendations for future research directions, including longterm safety assessments and patient-specific outcomes, seek to enhance the clinical utility and applicability of this analysis.

KEYWORDS

facial aging, facial contour enhancement, lifting procedures, thread characteristics, volumizing threads