Rat epidermal stem cells promote the angiogenesis of full-thickness wounds

Shaobin Huang1,2† , Zhicheng Hu1† , Peng Wang1 , Yi Zhang3 , Xiaoling Cao1 , Yunxian Dong1 , Pu Cheng1 , Hailin Xu1 ,

Wenkai Zhu4 , Bing Tang1* and Jiayuan Zhu1*

Abstract

Background: Full-thickness wounds severely affect patients’ life quality and become challenging problems for clinicians. Stem cells have great prospects in the treatment of wounds. Our previous study confirmed that autologous basal cell suspension could promote wound healing, and epidermal stem cells (ESCs) were detected in the basal cell suspension. Herein, this study aimed to explore the effect of ESCs on full-thickness wounds.

Methods: Rat ESCs were isolated and expanded and then were transfected with lentivirus to stably express enhanced green fluorescent protein. The experimental rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: in the ESC group, the rat ESCs were sprayed on the full-thickness wounds of rats; in the control group, phosphate-buffered saline was sprayed the on the wounds. Next, wound healing and neovascularization were evaluated. Colonization, division, and differentiation of ESCs on the wound were analyzed by immunofluorescence.

Results: The rat ESCs colonized, divided, and proliferated in the wound. Additionally, rat ESCs around blood vessels differentiated into vascular endothelial cells and formed a lumen-like structure. Compared with the control group, the ESC group showed enhanced angiogenesis and accelerated wound healing.

Conclusions: Our study confirmed that rat ESCs are safe and effective for treating full-thickness wounds. Additionally, under certain conditions, ESCs can differentiate into vascular endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis and wound healing.

Keywords: ESCs, Cell differentiation, Angiogenesis, Full-thickness wounds

Novel Cosmetic Ingredient CS-AA Polyion Complex and Skin Moisturizing Effect

Hyungjoon Jeon Yong Won Shin Jong Gu Won Nojin Park Sang-Wook Park Nam Seo Son Mi-Sun Kim

LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H), LG Science Park R&D Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Correspondence: Hyungjoon Jeon (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。) Mi-Sun Kim (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。)

Received: 29 January 2024

Revised: 21 June 2024

Accepted: 19 July 2024

Keywords: arginine | chondroitin sulfate | glutamine | skin hydration | TEWL | water-holding capacity

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The study explored the enhanced skin moisturizing capabilities and moisture retention effects achieved by forming a polyion complex using sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG), specifically chondroitin sulfate (CS), and amino acids (AA) such as glutamine (Q) and arginine (R). The overall hydration effect of this CS-AA complex was examined.

Methods: After analyzing the CS-AA polyion complex structure using spectroscopic methods, the ex vivo moisture retention ability was assessed under dry conditions using porcine skin samples. Additionally, the efficacy of the CS-AA polyion complex in reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL) and improving skin hydration was evaluated on human subjects using a digital evaporimeter and a corneometer, respectively.

Results: Validating a systematic reduction in particle size, the following order was observed: CS > CS/AA simple mixture > CSAA complex based on dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Furthermore, observations revealed that the CS-AA complex exhibits negligible surface charge. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis demonstrated a distinct peak shift in the complex, confirming the successful formation of the CS-AA complex. Subsequently, the water-holding effect through porcine skin was assessed, revealing a notable improvement in moisture retention (weight loss) for the CS-Q complex: 40.6% (1 h), 20.5% (2 h), and 18.7% (4 h) compared to glycerin. Similarly, the CS-R complex demonstrated enhancements of 50.2% (1 h), 37.5% (2 h), and 33% (4 h) compared to glycerin. Furthermore, TEWL improvement efficacy on human skin demonstrated approximately 25% improvement for both the CS-Q complex and CS-R complex, surpassing the modest 12.5% and 18% improvements witnessed with water and glycerin applications, respectively. Finally, employing a corneometer, hydration changes in the skin were monitored over 4 weeks. Although CS alone exhibited nominal alterations, the CS-Q complex and CS-R complex showed a significant increase in moisture levels after 4 weeks of application.

Conclusion: In this study, polyion complexes were successfully formed between CS, a sulfated GAG, and AA. Comparisons with glycerin, a well-known moisturizing agent, confirmed that the CS-AA complex exhibits superior moisturizing effects in various aspects. These findings suggest that the CS-AA complex is a more effective ingredient than CS or AA alone in terms of efficacy.

Comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a new multi-component anti-aging topical eye cream

Fan Yang1 Xinyuan Zhang2 Hua Wang1 Miao Guo1 Jinlong Zhang1 Xuejiao Feng3 Jiayi Yu3 Jiahui Yang3 Jinjin Zhu4 Yiyu Wang3

1 Research & Development Center, Mageline Biology Tech Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China

2 Shanghai Skinshield Clinical Testing and Technological Research Ltd., Shanghai, China

3 Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China

4 Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China

Correspondence

Jinjin Zhu, Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430022, China.

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Yiyu Wang, Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.

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Abstract

Background: The delicate periorbital region is susceptible to skin dehydration, wrinkles, and loss of elasticity. Thus, targeted and effective anti-aging interventions are necessary for the periorbital area.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new anti-aging eye cream formulated with the active complex (Yeast/rice fermentation filtrate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, palmityl tripeptide-1, and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7).

Methods: The cell viability and expressions of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components of the active complex were evaluated using a human skin fibroblast model. In the 12-week clinical trial, skin hydration, elasticity, facial photographs, and collagen density following eye cream application were assessed using Corneometer, Cutometer, VISIA, and ultrasound device, respectively. Dermatologists and participants evaluated clinical efficacy and safety at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

Results: PCR and immunofluorescent analyses revealed that the active complex significantly stimulated fibroblast proliferation (p < 0.05) and markedly promote the synthesis of collagen and elastin. Clinical findings exhibited a substantial enhancement in skin hydration (28.12%), elasticity (18.81%), and collagen production (54.99%) following 12 weeks of eye cream application. Dermatological evaluations and participants’ assessments reported a significant improvement in skin moisture, roughness, elasticity, as well as fine lines and wrinkles by week 8.

Conclusion: The new anti-aging eye cream, enriched with the active complex, demonstrates comprehensive rejuvenating effects, effectively addressing aging concerns in the periorbital area, coupled with a high safety profile.

KEYWORDS anti-aging, collagen, elastin, extracellular matrix, eye cream, wrinkle

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

© 2024 The Author(s). Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

What are filling (volumizing) threads?

Kyu-Ho Yi1,2

1 Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, South Korea

2 Maylin Clinic (Apgujeong), Seoul, South Korea

Correspondence

Kyu-Ho Yi, Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50–1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722,

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Abstract

Facial aging prompts a shift in the demands for lifting procedures, transitioning from targeted improvements in younger individuals to overall facial contour enhancements as skin elasticity declines in later years. This paper examines the evolution of PDO volumizing threads, delineating their development from initial limitations to contemporary innovations aimed at addressing tissue deformation and maintaining thread integrity post-insertion. Categorizing these threads based on elasticity, shape, and functionality underscores their versatility and application nuances, catering to specific wrinkle correction, contour sculpting, and facial volume restoration. The discussion emphasizes the pivotal role of thread characteristics in achieving optimal outcomes while minimizing potential complications. By delving into historical contexts, mechanisms, effectiveness, and thread classification, this paper equips practitioners with a comprehensive understanding to make informed decisions in selecting threads for volumizing thread procedures. Recommendations for future research directions, including longterm safety assessments and patient-specific outcomes, seek to enhance the clinical utility and applicability of this analysis.

KEYWORDS

facial aging, facial contour enhancement, lifting procedures, thread characteristics, volumizing threads

The Ponytail Lift: 22 Years of Experience in 600 Cases of Endoscopic Deep Plane Facial Rejuvenation

Chia Chi Kao, MD; and Dominik Duscher, MD, PhD

Aesthetic Surgery Journal 2024, Vol 44(7) 671–692 © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Aesthetic Society.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs licence (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial reproduction and distribution of the work, in any medium, provided the original work is not altered or transformed in any way, and that the work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 for reprints and translation rights for reprints. All other permissions can be obtained through our RightsLink service via the Permissions link on the article page on our site—for further information please contact 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。.

https://doi.org/10.1093/asj/sjad382 www.aestheticsurgeryjournal.com

Abstract

Background: During aging, the face loses volume with progressive sagging of the soft tissues, while the neck demonstrates skin laxity and muscle banding. The treatment of facial and neck aging usually involves a traditional facelift, which can cause noticeable scarring and distortion of anatomy.

Objectives: Modern facelift surgery must avoid such shortcomings and still address aging in all layers of the face. To achieve this goal a novel surgical technique was developed and coined the “ponytail lift” (PTL). When global facial rejuvenation is indicated, this procedure is combined with neck skin excision and referred to as the “ponytail facelift” (PTFL).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 600 consecutive cases over 22 years (2000-2022) of facial rejuvenation employing the endoscopic techniques of PTL and PTFL was performed. Patients were followed for at least 12 months postoperatively. Demographics, surgical data, and complications were recorded and analyzed. Additionally, technical details of the PTL and PTFL are discussed.

Results: There were no instances of postoperative skin flap necrosis, and no permanent nerve injuries were recorded. An additional surgical touch-up procedure to address unsatisfied aesthetic needs was performed in 20 cases.

Conclusions: The ponytail procedures offer a stepwise approach matched to the extent of the problem and are intended to refresh or transform the face with minimal incisions. The procedures represent a deep plane facelift without the scar burden, with incisions that are hidden in the temple, postauricular, and posterior scalp. The described techniques are safe and effective while providing reliable and satisfying results.

摘要

背景: 随着年龄的增长，面部体积会逐渐减小，软组织会逐渐下垂，而颈部会出现皮肤松弛和肌肉带状。面部和颈部衰老的治疗通常涉及传统的面部拉皮术，这会导致明显的疤痕和解剖结构扭曲。

目标: 现代面部拉皮手术必须避免此类缺点，同时还要解决面部所有层面的衰老问题。为了实现这一目标，开发了一种新颖的手术技术，创造了“马尾辫提升术”（PTL）这一名称。当需要进行整体面部年轻化时，该手术与颈部皮肤切除术相结合，称为“马尾辫拉皮术”（PTFL）。

Dr Kao is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Santa Monica, CA, USA. Dr Duscher is a plastic surgeon in private practice in Munich, Germany.

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Corresponding Author:

Dr Chia Chi Kao, 900 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 100, Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.

方法: 回顾性分析了 22 年间（2000-2022 年）采用 PTL 和 PTFL 内窥镜技术进行面部年轻化的 600 个连续病例。术后对患者进行至少 12 个月的随访。记录并分析了人口统计学、手术数据和并发症。此外，还讨论了 PTL 和 PTFL 的技术细节。

结果: 没有出现术后皮瓣坏死的情况，也没有记录到永久性神经损伤。在 20 个病例中进行了额外的外科修补手术，以解决未满足的美学需求。

结论: 马尾辫手术提供了一种与问题程度相匹配的分步方法，旨在以最小的切口使面部得以改造或焕然一新。这些手术代表了一种深层平面拉皮术，没有疤痕负担，切口隐藏在太阳穴、耳后和头皮后部。所描述的技术是安全有效的，同时提供可靠且令人满意的结果。

证据等级：: 3 级（治疗性）

The Facial Aging Process From the “Inside Out”

Arthur Swift, MD; Steven Liew, MD; Susan Weinkle, MD; Julie K. Garcia, PhD; and Michael B. Silberberg, MD, MBA

Aesthetic Surgery Journal

2021, Vol 41(10) 1107–1119

© 2020 The Aesthetic Society.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

DOI: 10.1093/asj/sjaa339

www.aestheticsurgeryjournal.com