Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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18 12月 2025

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Author : 伤口世界

Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

This article is excerpted from the 《Frontiers in Pharmacology》 by Wound World

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Evidence-Based Review of Antibiofilm Agents for Wound Care 2026-10-08 00:00

Maximillian A. Weigelt,^1,* Stephanie A. McNamara,¹ Daniela Sanchez,² Penelope A. Hirt,¹ and Robert S. Kirsner¹

¹Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology & Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.

²Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Significance: Biofilms in vivo are small densely packed aggregations of microbes that are highly resistant to host immune responses and treatment. They attach to each other and to nearby surfaces. Biofilms are difficult to study and identify in a clinical setting as their quantification necessitates the use of advanced microscopy techniques such as confocal laser scanning microscopy. Nonetheless, it is likely that biofilms contribute to the pathophysiology of chronic skin wounds. Reducing, removing, or preventing biofilms is thus a logical approach to help clinicians heal chronic wounds.

Recent Advances: Wound care products have demonstrated varying degrees of efficacy in destroying biofilms in in vitro and preclinical models, as well as in some clinical studies.

Critical Issues: Controlled studies exploring the beneficial role of biofilm eradication and its relationship to healing in patients with chronic wounds are limited. This review aims to discuss the mode of action and clinical significance of currently available antibiofilm products, including surfactants, dressings, and others, with a focus on levels of evidence for efficacy in disrupting biofilms and ability to improve wound healing outcomes.

Future Directions: Few available products have good evidence to support antibiofilm activity and wound healing benefits. Novel therapeutic strategies are on the horizon. More high-quality clinical studies are needed. The development of noninvasive techniques to quantify biofilms will facilitate increased ease of research about biofilms in wounds and how to combat them.

Keywords: biofilm, wound, healing, treatment, therapy
Electrolyzed hypochlorous acid water exhibits potent disinfectant activity against various viruses through irreversible protein aggregation 2026-09-30 00:00

Rahmi Dianty^1,2 , Junki Hirano^1,2 , Itsuki Anzai^1,3 , Yuta Kanai^1,4 , Tsuyoshi Hayashi⁵ , Masae Morimoto⁶ , Chikako Kataoka-Nakamura⁶ , Sakura Kobayashi⁵ , Kentaro Uemura^1,2 , Chikako Ono^1,2 , Tokiko Watanabe^1,3,7 , Takeshi Kobayashi^1,4,7 , Kosuke Murakami⁵ , Kenji Kikuchi⁸ , Kunimoto Hotta⁸ , Toshikazu Yoshikawa⁸ , Shuhei Taguwa^{1,2,7 *} and Yoshiharu Matsuura^{1,2,7 *}

¹ Laboratory of Virus Control, Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 2Laboratory of Virus Control, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 3Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 4Laboratory of Virology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 5Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan, 6Innovative Vaccine Research and Development Center, The Research Foundation for Microbial Diseases of Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 7 Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, 8Louis Pasteur Center for Medical Research, Kyoto, Japan

It is essential to employ efficient measures to prevent the transmission of pathogenic agents during a pandemic. One such method involves using hypochlorous acid (HClO) solution. The oxidative properties of HClO water (HAW) can contribute to its ability to eliminate viral particles. Here, we examined a highly purified slightly acidic hypochlorous acid water (Hp-SA-HAW) obtained from the reverse osmosis membrane treatment of an electrolytically-generated SA-HAW for its anti-viral activity and mode of action on viral proteins. Hp-SA-HAW exhibited broad-spectrum antiviral effects against various viruses, including adenovirus, hepatitis B virus, Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and rotavirus. Additionally, Hp-SA-HAW treatment dose-dependently resulted in irreversibly aggregated multimers of the JEV envelope and capsid proteins. However, Hp-SA-HAW treatment had no discernible effect on viral RNA, indicating that Hp-SA HAW acts against amino acids rather than nucleic acids. Furthermore, Hp-SA-HAW substantially reduced the infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), including the ancestral variant and other multiple variants. Hp-SA-HAW treatment induced the aggregation of the SARS-CoV-2 spike and nuclear proteins and disrupted the binding of the purified spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to human ACE2. This study demonstrates that the broad-spectrum virucidal activity of highly purified HClO is attributed to viral protein aggregation of virion via protein oxidation.

KEYWORDS

hypochlorous acid, virucide, SARS-CoV-2, oxidation, protein aggregation
Hypochlorous acid is antipruritic and anti-inflammatory in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis 2026-09-29 00:00

T. Fukuyama¹ | B. C. Martel¹ | K. E. Linder² | S. Ehling¹ | J. R. Ganchingco¹ | W. B€aumer^1,3

Summary

Background: It has been reported that topical hypochlorous acid (HOCl) formulations lead to relief of itch in human patients with atopic dermatitis; however, the specific antipruritic mechanism of action remains unclear.

Objective: To confirm itch relief and reduction of lesions in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis and to elucidate possible HOCl’s mode of action.

Methods: In this study, the effects of topical administration of HOCl hydrogel (0.05%) on atopic dermatitis-like lesions in NC/Nga mice model as well as in vitro effects of HOCl on dorsal root ganglia neurons and mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (mBMDCs) were investigated. NC/Nga mice were sensitized with house dust mite allergen and treated topically with HOCl hydrogel both preventively and therapeutically against established lesions. Allergen challenge was continued during HOCl hydrogel application.

Results: Treatment with HOCl hydrogel prevented the development of lesions and scratching bouts during the whole observation period. When administered after full development of lesions, HOCl reduced lesions and scratching behaviour to a similar extent as a positive control 0.1% betamethasone dipropionate ointment. The reduced inflammatory response by HOCl treatment was demonstrated by reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines in affected skin tissue from NC/Nga mice. In addition, HOCl significantly reduced IL-12 production in mBMDC. The diminished scratching behaviour was confirmed by impaired response to several pruritogens in dorsal root ganglia neurons excised from NC/Nga mice after termination of the studies. The response to the stimuli was also reduced by pre-incubation of sensory neurons from untreated BALB/c mice with 0.0001% HOCl. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: These data indicate a direct reduction in sensory response by HOCl, leading to significantly reduced itch and inflammation in vivo.

KEYWORDS

atopic dermatitis, dorsal root ganglia, hypochlorous acid, IgE, IL-13, IL-4, NC/Nga mice, sensory neurons

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主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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