糖尿病患者如何预防骨质疏松的研究进展

牛婷玉1* ，李小凤2#

1 西安医学院，陕西 西安

2 西安医学院附属陕西省人民医院，陕西 西安

收稿日期：2022年1月16日；录用日期：2022年2月9日；发布日期：2022年2月21日

摘 要

糖尿病(Diabetes)是一类以高血糖为特征可影响全身多个脏器和系统的慢性疾病，不仅使患者心血管、肾脏病等发病风险升高，也与骨质疏松的发生发展密切相关。骨质疏松一旦发生不可逆转，最终甚至演变为骨折的结局，给患者治疗和康复造成很大困难，因此早期预防至关重要。若能采取有效预防方法，就能降低糖尿病骨质疏松的患病率，减少患者痛苦、提高生活质量。本文主要就现阶段糖尿病患者如何预防骨质疏松的研究进展予以总结。

关键词：糖尿病，骨质疏松，预防方法

文章引用: 牛婷玉, 李小凤. 糖尿病患者如何预防骨质疏松的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(2): 1178-1185.

DOI: 10.12677/acm.2022.122171

Research Progress on How to Prevent Osteoporosis in Diabetic Patients Tingyu Niu1*, Xiaofeng Li2#

1 Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an Shaanxi

2 Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an Shaanxi

Received: Jan. 16th, 2022; accepted: Feb. 9th, 2022; published: Feb. 21st, 2022

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that affects multiple organs and systems throughout the body. It not only increases the risk of cardiovascular and renal diseases, but also is closely related to the occurrence and development of osteoporosis. Once osteoporosis occurs irreversibly, it may even evolve into fracture, which causes great difficulties for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients. Therefore, early prevention is crucial. If effective prevention methods can be adopted, the prevalence of diabetic osteoporosis can be reduced, the pain of patients can be reduced, and the quality of life can be improved. This article mainly summarizes the research progress of how to prevent osteoporosis in diabetic patients at present.

Keywords：Diabetes Mellitus, Osteoporosis, The Prevention Methods

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Non-Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Study of 82 Patients and Review of the Literatures

Ehab Mohammed1, Issa Al Salmi1,2* , Dawood Al Riyami3, Saif Khan3, Marwa Al Riyami4, Fatma Al Rahbi1, Suad Hannawi5

1 The Renal Medicine Department, The Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman

2 The Medicine Department, Oman Medical Specialty Board, Muscat, Oman

3 The Renal Medicine Department, SQUH, Muscat, Oman

4 The Pathology Department, SQUH, Muscat, Oman

5 The Medicine Department, MOHAP, Dubai, UAE

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How to cite this paper: Mohammed, E., Al Salmi, I., Al Riyami, D., Khan, S., Al Riyami, M., Al Rahbi, F. and Hannawi, S. (2022) Non-Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Study of 82 Patients and Review of the Literatures. Open Journal of Nephrology, 12, 169-186. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojneph.2022.121017

Received: February 25, 2022

Accepted: March 25, 2022

Published: March 28, 2022

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, diabetic nephropathy-DN is the leading cause of end-stage kidney disease-ESKD, DN is a common cause of renal failure with a reported frequency of 10% - 15% in type-2-diabetes-mellitus-T2DM patients, however there is a great discrepancy between countries. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the findings of kidney biopsies performed on diabetic patients.

Materials and Methods: We studied native kidney histopathological findings in the period from January 2016 till end of December 2018 done for patients with T2DM with chronic kidney diseases-CKD.

Results: A total of 82 DM-patients, 50 males (61%) and 32 females (39%) with age mean (95% CI) of 50.8 (47.1 - 55.2) years for all patients, ranged between 15 to 65 years. Histological findings showed that 57.3% of patients had DN. While focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-FSGS was present in 20.7%—primary in 8.6% and secondary in 12.1%. IgA represented 4.9%, while Lupus nephritis, Membranous and drug induced interstitial nephritis were each present in 3.7%. MCD was present in 2.4%. Lastly diffuse proliferative GN, ANCA associated glomerulonephritis, and hypertensive nephrosclerosis accounted for 1.2%.

Conclusion: The prevalence of NDKD is remarkably frequent in DM patients who underwent kidney biopsy and FSGS was the most frequent diagnosis. To get a proper histopathological diagnosis, an adequate tissue biopsy is needed with an adequate number of glomeruli. There is a great need for more consideration to biopsy diabetic patients, as the finding of NDKD requires a different therapeutic approach. This, hopefully, will help to manage these patients better and therefore, ameliorate the progression to ESKD over time and therefore delay the need for RRT.

Keywords

Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetic Kidney Disease, Histopathology, Light Microscopy, Electron Microscopy, Immunofluorescence, Non-Diabetic Kidney Diseases, Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT)

Clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine powder in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds

Fu-Lei Li1 | Gao-Chao Wang2 | Bu-Qiang Wu1

1 Department of General Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China

2 Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, China

Correspondence

       Bu-Qiang Wu, MD, Department of General Surgery, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, No. 110, Yan'an South Road, Changzhi, 046000, Shanxi Province, China. Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Abstract

      This study aimed to explore the clinical application and efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) powder in the treatment of acute and chronic wounds. Eighty patients with a wound infection were randomly and equally divided into a control group and an observation group. Gauze padding containing furacilin was used to dress the infected wounds of the control group. TCM powder was used to treat the wounds of the observation group. The total response rate of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group (P = .017). The colour and exudate volume scores in the observation group were lower than the control group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < .05). The time to the appearance of new epithelium and time to the wound healing of the burns in the observation group were shorter than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). The TCM powder absorbed a large amount of necrotic tissue and exudate from the wound surface, cleared heat and toxins, and activated blood circulation. It also resolved blood stasis, eliminated pus, and allowed for new skin growth, as well as regenerating muscle.

KEYWORDS ：burn depth, burns, scalds, traditional Chinese medicine powder, wound surface

Key Messages

• the use of traditional Chinese medicine powder has certain advantages over the conventional Western medicine treatment of wounds as it is noninvasive and relatively cheap

• it has been shown to heal all types of burns, including third-degree burns, and is effective for treating ulcers, such as those found in diabetic foot

• it has also been successful in healing wounds that conventional treatment could not

Effects of Common Myokines on Diabetes Mellitus

Yu Zhu1,2*, Qingqing Liu1*, Yurong Zhu1*, Tiantian Guo1, Mengtong Jin1, Jiali Hao1, Chao Qi1, Xiaofeng Miao1, Duan Xi1, Jiamao Fan1#, Jin Li2

1 Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China

2 Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China

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How to cite this paper: Zhu, Y., Liu, Q.Q.,Zhu, Y.R., Guo, T.T., Jin, M.T., Hao, J.L.,Qi, C., Miao, X.F., Xi, D., Fan, J.M. and Li, J. (2022) Effects of Common Myokines on Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 12, 153-166. https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2022.123013

Received: February 17, 2022

Accepted: June 14, 2022

Published: June 17, 2022

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a type of chronic metabolic disease, is occurring more frequently and causes severe threats to human health. In vivo, exercise can stimulate skeletal muscle cells to secrete and release myokines into blood circulation, which will participate in metabolism and act on multiple organs or systems. Recently, the relationship between myokines and diabetes mellitus was a hot research topic, and myokines may be potential targets for the diagnosis, monitoring, prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus. In this review, we elucidated the multiple effects of common myokines in the pathogenesis and therapy of diabetes mellitus, which will provide a theoretical foundation of the mechanism in the positive effects of exercises on humans.

Keywords: Diabetes, Myokines, Islet Cells, Insulin Resistance

Effects of Diabetes Mellitus upon Sperm Quality Insight into Molecular Level

Anna Papadopoulou*, Petros Karkalousos, Maria Trapali

Laboratory of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Cosmetic Science, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece

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How to cite this paper: Papadopoulou, A., Karkalousos, P. and Trapali, M. (2022) Effects of Diabetes Mellitus upon Sperm Quality Insight into Molecular Level. Journal of Diabetes Mellitus, 12, 75-86.

https://doi.org/10.4236/jdm.2022.122008

Received: January 10, 2022

Accepted: April 16, 2022

Published: April 19, 2022

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Scientific Research Publishing Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Abstract

      Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease that affects important body organs in a very serious manner. The consequences of this disease turn out to be a significant problem for the patient, who tries to cope with the new condition his organism has been placed in. The most common effect of the disease, hyperglycaemia, leads over time to serious damage to various body systems, such as nerves and blood vessels. What is not widely known among the population is that diabetes may have harmful effects on the reproductive system of the men suffering from diabetes type 1 and 2 and that such a parameter could lead to or might be the reason for infertility problems for couples, for example, miscarriage or embryonic failure. AGEs is a number of products which are believed to play an important role, because their presence has been detected in increased level in diabetic men. This implies that those glycation products might play a key role in diabetic complications. Their receptor, RAGE, member of the immunoglobulin superfamily has been detected in the reproductive tract of diabetic men. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), a possible product of AGEs appear in high levels in seminal plasma and are believed to be the cause of DNA fragmentation. The objective of this review was to gather all the available material i.e. studies on diabetes mellitus in one article, to study the research which has already been conducted and the conclusions that have been drawn, in order to offer, if possible, new pathways and perspectives to the scientists, who focus on fertility problems, sometimes intractable.

Keywords

Diabetes, Nuclear Fragmentation, Sperm Quality, ROS, Sperm Motility, Sertoli Cells, RAGE, Sperm Structure, Gene Expression

II型糖尿病大血管病变防治新靶点的研究进展

王平义1*，孙若豪1*，张群辉2 ，赵万花1 ，李文华1#

1 西藏民族大学医学院，陕西 咸阳

2 青海大学医学院高原医学研究中心，青海 西宁

收稿日期：2022年7月11日；录用日期：2022年8月9日；发布日期：2022年8月16日

摘 要

背景：慢性病的发病率高、危险性大，是全球性公共健康首要问题。糖尿病宛如“慢性癌症”，是由饮食、环境、药物、遗传等因素导致的，体内胰岛素分泌相对或者绝对不足而出现的血糖代谢紊乱。常见以II型糖尿病为主，并发症可导致患者心肌梗塞、脑溢血、失明、肾功能衰竭和下肢截肢等严重后果，是影响人类健康和寿命的主要危险因素。目的：总结II型糖尿病大血管病变发病生物标志物的研究进展，以期为II型糖尿病大血管病变及其所引起的心脑血管疾病的防治提供新靶点。方法：以“macrovasculardisease in type 2 diabetes mellitus，pathogenesis”为英文检索词，以“II型糖尿病并发大血管病变，发病机制”为中文检索词，应用计算机检索PubMed、Medline、中国知网和万方数据库发表的相关文献，最终纳入文献59篇进行归纳分析。结果与结论：II型糖尿病大血管病变是由多种因素共同作用导致的复杂疾病。近年来，大量实验室和临床研究表明，其发生发展主要与非编码RNA、外泌体、炎性小体、活化T细胞核因子、骨形态发生蛋白等生物标志物有关，上述生物标志物有望成为II型糖尿病大血管病变新靶点。

关键词

糖尿病，血管病变，生物标志物，新靶点

文章引用: 王平义, 孙若豪, 张群辉, 赵万花, 李文华. II 型糖尿病大血管病变防治新靶点的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2022, 12(8): 7496-7504. DOI: 10.12677/acm.2022.1281082

Research Progress of New Targets for Prevention and Treatment of Type II Diabetic Macrovascular Disease

Pingyi Wang1*, Ruohao Sun1*, Qunhui Zhang2, Wanhua Zhao1, Wenhua Li1#

1 School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang Shaanxi

2 Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Medical College of Qinghai University, Xining Qinghai

Received: Jul. 11th, 2022; accepted: Aug. 9th, 2022; published: Aug. 16th, 2022

Abstract

Background: Chronic diseases are a major global public health problem due to their high incidence and high risk. Diabetes, like “chronic cancer”, is caused by diet, environment, drugs, genetics and other factors, and the relative or absolute insufficiency of insulin secretion in the body leads to the disorder of blood glucose metabolism. Type II diabetes is the most common type. Its complications can lead to myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, blindness, renal failure and lower limb amputation and other serious consequences. It is a major risk factor affecting human health and life span. Objective: In order to provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of type II diabetic macroangiopaemia and its cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the research progress of type II diabetic macroangiopaemia biomarkers was summarized. Methods: Using the search terms of “macrovascular disease in type II diabetes mellitus, pathogenesis” in Chinese and English. Relevant literatures published by PubMed, Medline, CNKI and Wanfang database were searched by computer, and 59 literatures were finally included for induction and analysis. Results and Conclusion: Type II diabetic macrovascular disease is a complex disease caused by many factors. In recent years, a large number of laboratory and clinical studies have shown that its occurrence and development are mainly related to non-coding RNA, exosome, inflammasome, activated T nuclear factor, bone morphogenetic protein and other biomarkers, which are expected to become new targets of type II diabetic macrovascular disease.

Keywords: Diabetes, Vascular Disease, Biomarker, New Target

Copyright © 2022 by author(s) and Hans Publishers Inc.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0).

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/