Esra Küpeli Akkol 1 *, Irem Tatlı Çankaya2 , Gökçe S¸ eker Karatoprak 3 , Elif Carpar 4 , Eduardo Sobarzo-Sánchez 5,6 and Raffaele Capasso7
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey, 2 Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey, 3 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey, 4 Department of Psychiatry, Private French La Paix Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, 5 Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 6 Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 7 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Potici, Italy
OPEN ACCESS
Edited by:Anca Oana Docea, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
Reviewed by: Luigia Trabace, University of Foggia, Italy Vasileios Siokas, University of Thessaly, Greece
*Correspondence: Esra Küpeli Akkol 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。
Specialty section: This article was submitted to Neuropharmacology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Pharmacolog
Received: 22 February 2021
Accepted: 16 April 2021
Published: 13 May 2021
Citation: Küpeli Akkol E, Tatlı Çankaya I, S¸ eker Karatoprak Gç, Carpar E, Sobarzo-Sánchez E and Capasso R (2021) Natural Compounds as Medical Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders Seen in Neurological Diseases. Front. Pharmacol. 12:669638. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.669638
Psychiatric disorders are frequently encountered in many neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson diseases along with epilepsy, migraine, essential tremors, and stroke. The most common comorbid diagnoses in neurological diseases are depression and anxiety disorders along with cognitive impairment. Whether the underlying reason is due to common neurochemical mechanisms or loss of previous functioning level, comorbidities are often overlooked. Various treatment options are available, such as pharmacological treatments, cognitive-behavioral therapy, somatic interventions, or electroconvulsive therapy. However oral antidepressant therapy may have some disadvantages, such as interaction with other medications, low tolerability due to side effects, and low efficiency. Natural compounds of plant origin are extensively researched to find a better and safer alternative treatment. Experimental studies have shown that phytochemicals such as alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, phenolic acids as well as lipids have significant potential in in vitro and in vivo models of psychiatric disorders. In this review, various efficacy of natural products in in vitro and in vivo studies on neuroprotective and their roles in psychiatric disorders are examined and their neuro-therapeutic potentials are shed light.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s diseases, anxiety, depression, Parkinson’s disease, natural compound
Katja F. Skovbjerg1 *† , Julie C. Antvorskov1 *† , Lonny M. Stokholm2,3, Tine D. Bille1 , Nis Andersen 4 , Jens Andresen 4 , Toke Bek 5 , Javad Hajar 6 , Ryo Kawasaki 2,7, Caroline S. Laugesen 8 , Sören Möller 2,3, Frederik N. Pedersen2,9, Katja C. Schielke10, Anne S. Thykjær Petersen2,9,11 12, Flemming Pociot 1,13, Jakob Grauslund2,9,11 and Steffen Heegaard14,15,16
1Department of Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark, 2Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark, 3Open Patient
Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, 4Organization of Danish Practicing Ophthalmologists, Copenhagen, Denmark, 5Department of Ophthalmology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark, 6Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark, 7 Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan, 8Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital Roskilde, Roskilde, Denmark, 9Department of Ophthalmology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, 10Department of Ophthalmology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark, 11Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, 12 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, 13Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark, 14Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, 15Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark, 16Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a recognized risk factor for cancer, yet the relationship between diabetes type and tumor risk remains unclear. This study aimed to estimate the overall tumor burden, including benign, premalignant, and malignant tumors, in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabete
Methods: In this nationwide cohort study spanning 23 years (1999–2022), data on diabetes diagnosis, tumor development, and potential confounding variables were retrieved from multiple Danish national health registries. The cohort included more than 6.5 million individuals and 128,647 tumor events among individuals with diabetes. Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated using Cox regression.
Results: For individuals with type 1 diabetes, adjusted HRs indicated no association for overall tumor development compared to individuals without diabetes. For individuals with type 2 diabetes, adjusted HRs suggested a slightly decreased hazard for overall tumor development compared to individuals without diabetes. When excluding tumors in the skin, the association between type 1 and type 2 diabetes and overall tumor development, suggested an increased hazard compared with individuals without diabetes. Our exploratory sub-analyses were stratified by tumor topography based on Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) codes. Among individuals with type 1 diabetes, eight of 28 tumor groups showed reduced hazard, including the pancreas, bile ducts, and kidney. For type 2 diabetes, one group showed reduced hazard, while 22 groups, including the heart, blood vessels, and liver, showed increased hazard. Estimates from exploratory analyses should be interpreted with caution.
Discussion: Our findings provide population-level evidence that advances our understanding of the possible complex metabolic links between diabetes and tumor development. Further exploration of SNOMED-based tumor classifications in future studies may provide valuable knowledge on pathological differences and refine future tumor and cancer surveillance strategies in individuals with diabetes
KEYWORDS
cancer, diabetes, diabetes mellitus, neoplasm, pathology, T1DM, T2DM, tumor
EDITED BY Weijun Peng, Central South University, China
REVIEWED BY E´ va Csajbo´ k, University of Szeged, Hungary Abdullah Al Marzan, Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh
*CORRESPONDENCE Katja F. Skovbjerg 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 Julie C. Antvorskov 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 †
These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship
RECEIVED 14 October 2025
REVISED 02 December 2025
ACCEPTED 09 December 2025
PUBLISHED 07 January 2026
CITATION
Skovbjerg KF, Antvorskov JC, Stokholm LM, Bille TD, Andersen N, Andresen J, Bek T, Hajar J, Kawasaki R, Laugesen CS, Möller S, Pedersen FN, Schielke KC, Thykjær Petersen AS, Pociot F, Grauslund J and Heegaard S (2026) Diabetes and tumor risk: a 23-year Danish national cohort study. Front. Endocrinol. 16:1725065. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1725065
COPYRIGHT
© 2026 Skovbjerg, Antvorskov, Stokholm, Bille, Andersen, Andresen, Bek, Hajar, Kawasaki, Laugesen, Möller, Pedersen, Schielke, Thykjær Petersen, Pociot, Grauslund and Heegaard. Thisis an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction, is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
To be continued.
伤口世界平台生态圈，以“关爱人间所有伤口患者”为愿景，连接、整合和拓展线上和线下的管理慢性伤口的资源，倡导远程、就近和居家管理慢性伤口，解决伤口专家的碎片化时间的价值创造、诊疗经验的裂变复制、和患者的就近、居家和低成本管理慢性伤口的问题。
2019广东省医疗行业协会伤口管理分会年会
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