糖尿病足的诊断（接上篇）

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糖尿病足

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Custom Mod Mega1

主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

中德骨科伤口管理学校校长

广东省骨科研究院运动医学研究所所长

广东省内运动医学专业唯一的博士研究生导师

美国哈弗大学医学院骨科访问学者

专业特长处于省内领先、国内或国际先进水平以上

2018年获得“国之名医卓越建树”荣誉称号

2017年被评为全国卫生计生系统先进工作者、广东省医学领军人才

中国医师协会运动医师分会副会长

STCOT中国部运动医学分会副主任委员

广东省医学会关节外科分会主任委员

广东省医学会运动医学会分会名誉主任委员

独立承担过国家“863”课题，主持过10余项省、部级科研项目

多份专业杂志编委
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糖尿病足

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最新文献

Anti-Aging Effects of Flavonoids from Plant Extracts 2025-05-08 00:00

Bogdan Păcularu-Burada 1,2 , Alexandru-Ionut, Cîrîc 3,* and Mihaela Begea 3

1 ICA Research & Development S.R.L., 202 Splaiul Independent,ei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

2 Dan Voiculescu Foundation for the Development of Romania, 011885 Bucharest, Romania

3 Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independent,ei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

* Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Citation: Păcularu-Burada, B.; Cîrîc, A.-I.; Begea, M. Anti-Aging Effects of Flavonoids from Plant Extracts. Foods

2024, 13, 2441. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/foods13152441

Academic Editor: Barry Parsons

Received: 4 July 2024

Revised: 25 July 2024

Accepted: 29 July 2024

Published: 2 August 2024

Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

Abstract: Aging is a natural and irreversible process, affecting living organisms by negatively impacting the tissues’ and cells’ morphology and functionality and consequently being responsible for aging-related diseases. Taking into account the actual preoccupations of both consumers and researchers, healthy anti-aging alternatives are being intensively studied in order to address such concerns. Due to their functional features, plant flavonoids can be considered valuable nutraceuticals. This paper highlights the possibilities to use flavonoids extracted from various plants for their antiaging potential on the skin, brain, and heart. Moreover, their anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties are summarized, along with the senescence-associated mechanisms. Both the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fields are continuously developing and flavonoids originating from plants are promising candidates to obtain such products. Thus, the bioactive compounds’ extraction and their subsequent involvement in innovative product manufacturing must be carefully performed while being aware of the various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may affect the phytochemicals’ structures, bioavailability, and health effects.

Keywords: flavonoids; senescence; diseases; anti-aging; nutraceuticals

Novel Approach to Skin Anti-Aging: Boosting Pharmacological Effects of Exogenous Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+ ) by Synergistic Inhibition of CD38 Expression 2025-05-07 00:00

Seongsu Kang 1 , Jiwon Park 1 , Zhihong Cheng 2 , Sanghyun Ye 1 , Seung-Hyun Jun 1,* and Nae-Gyu Kang 1,*

1 LG Household and Health Care R&D Center, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.K.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (J.P.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.Y.)

2 Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

* Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.-H.J.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (N.-G.K.); Tel.: +82-2-6980-1239 (S.-H.J.); +82-2-6980-1533 (N.-G.K.)

Citation: Kang, S.; Park, J.; Cheng, Z.; Ye, S.; Jun, S.-H.; Kang, N.-G. Novel Approach to Skin Anti-Aging: Boosting Pharmacological Effects of Exogenous Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+ ) by Synergistic Inhibition of CD38 Expression. Cells 2024, 13, 1799.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ cells13211799

Academic Editor: Paweł Kordowitzki

Received: 8 October 2024

Revised: 28 October 2024

Accepted: 28 October 2024

Published: 30 October 2024

Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

Abstract: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) is indispensable for the regulation of biological metabolism. Previous studies have revealed its role in aging and degenerative diseases, while crucially showing that supplementation with NAD+ or its precursors could ameliorate or reverse the progression of aging. Despite extensive evidence for the role and action of NAD+ in aging, its pharmacological activity on the skin, or even its mechanism, has not been elucidated. In this study, we established a novel approach to effectively utilize NAD+ for skin anti-aging by enhancing the pharmacological efficacy of exogenous NAD+ using a phytochemical complex consisting of quercetin, and enoxolone through inhibition of CD38. Through the comprehensive in vitro experiments based on human fibroblasts, we observed that exogenous NAD+ could exert protective effects against both extrinsic aging induced by ultraviolet light exposure and intrinsic aging. Additionally, we found that its effects were significantly boosted by quercetin and enoxolone. In this in-depth study, we demonstrated that these beneficial effects are mediated by improved sirtuin activation, autophagy, and mitochondrial functionality. Our approach is expected to verify the applicability of the topical application of NAD+ and offer more effective solutions for the unmet needs of patients and consumers who demand more effective anti-aging effects.

Keywords: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ); quercetin; enoxolone; anti-aging; topical application; CD38
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糖尿病足的诊断（接上篇）

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18 10月 2019

Author : 伤口世界

原创：胡海涛负压引流与创面修复

世界卫生组织(WHO)定义:糖尿病足是指糖尿病患者由于合并神经病变及各种不同程度末梢血管病变而导致下肢感染、溃疡形成和(或)深部组织的破坏。

三个必须条件，缺一不可：

糖尿病患者；
合并神经病变及不同程度末梢血管病变；
下肢感染、溃疡形成或深部组织坏死；

该患者疼痛明显、足背动脉博动好，不符合糖尿病足诊断标准2、3，所以排除糖尿病足诊断。伤口内见到痛风石、CT看到切口区域关节周围痛风结节较多，按痛风结节诊治方案处理，伤口愈合。

糖尿病足鉴别诊断：糖尿病患者合并痛风结节破溃、下肢动脉硬化闭塞、血栓闭塞性脉管炎等。

最后提醒：遇到糖尿病患者足溃疡时，第一步是诊断，第二步是鉴别诊断，尤其当治疗效果不好时，得再次思考这两个问题。

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Anti-Aging Effects of Flavonoids from Plant Extracts 2025-05-08 00:00

Bogdan Păcularu-Burada 1,2 , Alexandru-Ionut, Cîrîc 3,* and Mihaela Begea 3

1 ICA Research & Development S.R.L., 202 Splaiul Independent,ei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

2 Dan Voiculescu Foundation for the Development of Romania, 011885 Bucharest, Romania

3 Faculty of Biotechnical Systems Engineering, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independent,ei, 060042 Bucharest, Romania; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

* Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Citation: Păcularu-Burada, B.; Cîrîc, A.-I.; Begea, M. Anti-Aging Effects of Flavonoids from Plant Extracts. Foods

2024, 13, 2441. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/foods13152441

Academic Editor: Barry Parsons

Received: 4 July 2024

Revised: 25 July 2024

Accepted: 29 July 2024

Published: 2 August 2024

Copyright: © 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

Abstract: Aging is a natural and irreversible process, affecting living organisms by negatively impacting the tissues’ and cells’ morphology and functionality and consequently being responsible for aging-related diseases. Taking into account the actual preoccupations of both consumers and researchers, healthy anti-aging alternatives are being intensively studied in order to address such concerns. Due to their functional features, plant flavonoids can be considered valuable nutraceuticals. This paper highlights the possibilities to use flavonoids extracted from various plants for their antiaging potential on the skin, brain, and heart. Moreover, their anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic properties are summarized, along with the senescence-associated mechanisms. Both the nutraceutical and cosmeceutical fields are continuously developing and flavonoids originating from plants are promising candidates to obtain such products. Thus, the bioactive compounds’ extraction and their subsequent involvement in innovative product manufacturing must be carefully performed while being aware of the various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may affect the phytochemicals’ structures, bioavailability, and health effects.

Keywords: flavonoids; senescence; diseases; anti-aging; nutraceuticals
Novel Approach to Skin Anti-Aging: Boosting Pharmacological Effects of Exogenous Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+ ) by Synergistic Inhibition of CD38 Expression 2025-05-07 00:00

Seongsu Kang 1 , Jiwon Park 1 , Zhihong Cheng 2 , Sanghyun Ye 1 , Seung-Hyun Jun 1,* and Nae-Gyu Kang 1,*

1 LG Household and Health Care R&D Center, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.K.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (J.P.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.Y.)

2 Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

* Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.-H.J.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (N.-G.K.); Tel.: +82-2-6980-1239 (S.-H.J.); +82-2-6980-1533 (N.-G.K.)

Citation: Kang, S.; Park, J.; Cheng, Z.; Ye, S.; Jun, S.-H.; Kang, N.-G. Novel Approach to Skin Anti-Aging: Boosting Pharmacological Effects of Exogenous Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+ ) by Synergistic Inhibition of CD38 Expression. Cells 2024, 13, 1799.

https://doi.org/10.3390/ cells13211799

Academic Editor: Paweł Kordowitzki

Received: 8 October 2024

Revised: 28 October 2024

Accepted: 28 October 2024

Published: 30 October 2024

Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).

Abstract: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ) is indispensable for the regulation of biological metabolism. Previous studies have revealed its role in aging and degenerative diseases, while crucially showing that supplementation with NAD+ or its precursors could ameliorate or reverse the progression of aging. Despite extensive evidence for the role and action of NAD+ in aging, its pharmacological activity on the skin, or even its mechanism, has not been elucidated. In this study, we established a novel approach to effectively utilize NAD+ for skin anti-aging by enhancing the pharmacological efficacy of exogenous NAD+ using a phytochemical complex consisting of quercetin, and enoxolone through inhibition of CD38. Through the comprehensive in vitro experiments based on human fibroblasts, we observed that exogenous NAD+ could exert protective effects against both extrinsic aging induced by ultraviolet light exposure and intrinsic aging. Additionally, we found that its effects were significantly boosted by quercetin and enoxolone. In this in-depth study, we demonstrated that these beneficial effects are mediated by improved sirtuin activation, autophagy, and mitochondrial functionality. Our approach is expected to verify the applicability of the topical application of NAD+ and offer more effective solutions for the unmet needs of patients and consumers who demand more effective anti-aging effects.

Keywords: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ ); quercetin; enoxolone; anti-aging; topical application; CD38
Peptides: Emerging Candidates for the Prevention and Treatment of Skin Senescence: A Review 2025-05-06 00:00

Andrada Pintea 1 , Andrei Manea 1,* , Cezara Pintea 1 , Robert-Alexandru Vlad 2 , Magdalena Bîrsan 3 , Paula Antonoaea 2 , Emöke Margit Rédai 2 and Adriana Ciurba 2

1 Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania

2 Pharmaceutical Technology and Cosmetology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (A.C.)

3 Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania

* Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Academic Editors: Maurice Am Van

Steensel and Jean-Luc Poyet

Received: 29 November 2024

Revised: 28 December 2024

Accepted: 8 January 2025

Published: 9 January 2025

Citation: Pintea, A.; Manea, A.; Pintea, C.; Vlad, R.-A.; Bîrsan, M.; Antonoaea, P.; Rédai, E.M.; Ciurba, A.

Peptides: Emerging Candidates for the Prevention and Treatment of Skin

Senescence: A Review. Biomolecules 2025, 15, 88. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/biom15010088

Copyright: © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/).

Abstract: One class of cosmetic compounds that have raised interest of many experts is peptides. The search for ingredients with good biocompatibility and bioactivity has led to the use of peptides in cosmetic products. Peptides are novel active ingredients that improve collagen synthesis, enhance skin cell proliferation, or decrease inflammation. Based on their mechanism of action, they can be classified into signal peptides, carrier peptides, neurotransmitter inhibitor peptides, and enzyme inhibitor peptides. This review focuses on the main types of peptides and their application in the cosmetic field, underlining their main limitations. One of the most significant drawbacks of cosmetic peptides is their poor permeability through membranes, which limits their delivery and effectiveness. As a result, this review follows the methods used for improving permeability through the stratum corneum. Increasing peptide bioavailability and stability for enhanced delivery to the desired site of action and visible effects have become central points for the latest research due to their promising features. For this purpose, several methods have been identified and described. Physical techniques include thermal ablation (radiofrequency and laser), electrical methods (electroporation, iontophoresis), mechanical approach (microneedles), and ultrasounds. As an alternative, innovative formulations have been developed in nanosystems such as liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, nanoemulsions, and other nanomaterials to reduce skin irritation and improve product effectiveness. The purpose of this review is to provide the latest information regarding these noteworthy molecules and the reasoning behind their use in cosmetic formulations.

Keywords: cosmetic peptides; anti-aging products; permeability; nano-systems

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Custom Mod Mega1

主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长