Facial Skincare Routine Adherence in the General Population

Leah Cliatt , Joanna Petrides

1. Dermatology, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, USA 2. Family Medicine, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, USA

Corresponding author: Leah Cliatt, 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Abstract

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic sparked an interest in skincare with the closure of spas and salons. Skincare, one of TikTok's most popular dermatology-related hashtags, received hundreds of millions of views. The American Academy of Dermatology (AAD) sharedfacial cleansing recommendations; however, how many people follow them is unclear. Studies have shown a good daily facial cleansing andmoisturizing routine can increase microbiome diversityand skin hydration. This can be beneficial in conditions like psoriasis, eczema, and acne.

Purpose

The aim of the study is to assess how well people follow the AAD recommendations and evaluate any differences in this behavior by gender.

Methods

A 19-question survey was designed and administered utilizing Qualtrics. The questions included demographic information, facial cleansing practices, and motivation for skincare routine. The survey was distributed via Rowan Email and on various social media platforms (GroupMe, Instagram, etc.) to target the general population. The data was analyzed using SPSS.

Results

One hundred twenty-four responses were collected from 91 female-identifying and 33 male-identifying participants. There were statistically significant differences between genders for the use of non-alcoholic gentle cleanser (p<0.001), use of moisturizer after washing the face (p<0.001), washing the face after sweating (p<0.001), and using warm water (p=0.026). No statistically significant difference was seen for face washing occurrence between genders (p=0.098). Statistically significant differences were seen between genders for motivation: hygiene (p<0.001), beauty/anti-aging (p<0.001), and health (p=0.004).

Conclusion

Individuals who identify as female may be more likely to adhere to AAD facial skincare recommendations. This could be a result of self-reported motivations such as hygiene, beauty, and health.

Categories: Dermatology

Keywords: beauty, dermatologic agents, dermatology, face cleansing, face washing, female, hygiene, skin

Review began 11/19/2024

Review ended 12/12/2024

Published 12/16/2024

© Copyright 2024

Cliatt et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

DOI: 10.7759/cureus.75810

Comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a new multi-component anti-aging topical eye cream

Fan Yang1 Xinyuan Zhang2 Hua Wang1 Miao Guo1 Jinlong Zhang1 Xuejiao Feng3 Jiayi Yu3 Jiahui Yang3 Jinjin Zhu4 Yiyu Wang3

1 Research & Development Center, Mageline Biology Tech Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, China

2 Shanghai Skinshield Clinical Testing and Technological Research Ltd., Shanghai, China

3 Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China

4 Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China

Correspondence

Jinjin Zhu, Department of Dermatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430022, China.

Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Yiyu Wang, Department of Dermatology, Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing, China.

Email: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

© 2024 The Author(s). Skin Research and Technology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Abstract

Background: The delicate periorbital region is susceptible to skin dehydration, wrinkles, and loss of elasticity. Thus, targeted and effective anti-aging interventions are necessary for the periorbital area.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new anti-aging eye cream formulated with the active complex (Yeast/rice fermentation filtrate, N-acetylneuraminic acid, palmityl tripeptide-1, and palmitoyl tetrapeptide-7).

Methods: The cell viability and expressions of key extracellular matrix (ECM) components of the active complex were evaluated using a human skin fibroblast model. In the 12-week clinical trial, skin hydration, elasticity, facial photographs, and collagen density following eye cream application were assessed using Corneometer, Cutometer, VISIA, and ultrasound device, respectively. Dermatologists and participants evaluated clinical efficacy and safety at baseline, and after 4, 8, and 12 weeks.

Results: PCR and immunofluorescent analyses revealed that the active complex significantly stimulated fibroblast proliferation (p < 0.05) and markedly promote the synthesis of collagen and elastin. Clinical findings exhibited a substantial enhancement in skin hydration (28.12%), elasticity (18.81%), and collagen production (54.99%) following 12 weeks of eye cream application. Dermatological evaluations and participants’ assessments reported a significant improvement in skin moisture, roughness, elasticity, as well as fine lines and wrinkles by week 8.

Conclusion: The new anti-aging eye cream, enriched with the active complex, demonstrates comprehensive rejuvenating effects, effectively addressing aging concerns in the periorbital area, coupled with a high safety profile.

KEYWORDS

anti-aging, collagen, elastin, extracellular matrix, eye cream, wrinkle

Efficacy and Tolerability of a Novel Cosmetic and Over-the-Counter Facial Acne Regimen Versus a Prescription Treatment

Priscilla Huang1 | Olivia Supan1 | Cecilia L. Pak2 | Rahul C. Mehta1 | Elizabeth T. Makino11 Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, Irvine, California, USA | 2SGS Stephens Inc., Richardson, Texas, USA

Correspondence: Olivia Supan (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。)

Rahul C. Mehta is a former employee of Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company.

Received: 24 June 2024 | Revised: 21 August 2024 | Accepted: 26 August 2024

Funding: Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company, funded this study and participated in the study design, research, analysis, data collection, interpretation of data, reviewing, and approval of the publication. All authors had access to relevant data and participated in the drafting, review, and approval of this publication. No honoraria or payments were made for authorship. Medical writing support was provided by Illyce Nuñez, PhD of Peloton Advantage, LLC, an OPEN Health company, and funded by Allergan Aesthetics, an AbbVie Company.

Keywords: acne vulgaris | erythema | post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation | salicylic acid

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is

properly cited.

© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

The Efficacy of Topical Cosmetic Containing Alpha-Arbutin 5% and Kojic Acid 2% Compared With Triple Combination Cream for the Treatment of Melasma: A Split-Face, Evaluator-Blinded Randomized Pilot Study

Pimpa Tantanasrigul1 | Apinya Sripha1 | Bunchai Chongmelaxme21

Department of Medical Services, Ministry of Public Health, Institute of Dermatology, Bangkok, Thailand | 2Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Correspondence: Bunchai Chongmelaxme (该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。)

Received: 5 July 2024 | Accepted: 22 August 2024

Funding: The authors received no specific funding for this work.

Keywords: alpha-arbutin 5% | efficacy | kojic acid 2% | melasma | safety | triple combination cream

ABSTRACT

Background: While the gold standard treatment for melasma is triple combination cream (TCC), arbutin and kojic acid demonstrate their benefits and may be used as an alternative.

Aims: To investigate the efficacy of cream containing alpha-arbutin 5% and kojic acid 2% (AAK) compared with TCC for melasma treatment.

Patients/Methods: A split-faced, randomized study was conducted among 30 participants with melasma, and all were randomized to receive AAK or TCC on each side of their face for 12-week along with 4-week follow-up period. The melanin index (MI), modified Melasma Area Severity Index (mMASI), and physician global assessment (PGA) scores were used to measure the effectiveness of interventions. Recurrence of melasma after treatment discontinuation was evaluated by MI and mMASI. Patient satisfactions and adverse effects were also evaluated. In the analysis, the mean difference (MD) was used for MI and mMASI, while Wilcoxon signed-rank test was for the PGA scores, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction.

Results: The MD of MI and mMASI scores were not different between groups (mMASI [p=0.344] and MI [p=0.268]). The PGA scores only showed improvement on the TCC-treated side (p=0.032). Compared to the AKK group, the subjects with TCC showed higher severity of recurrence (MI [p=0.004] and mMASI [p=0.045]). No difference in patient satisfaction score between the groups, but erythema and stinging were higher in the TCC group.

Conclusions: The AAK cream appeared to be effective for melasma treatment, highlighting a lower recurrent rate and fewer adverse events than standard therapy.

Trial Registration: thaiclinicaltrials.org: TCTR20230124004

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Holistic investigation of the anti-wrinkle and repair efficacy of a facial cream enriched with C-xyloside

Shanshan Zang PhD | Juanjuan Chen MS | Cyril Chevalier MS | Ji Zhang MS | Shumei Li MS | Hequn Wang PhD | Jing Li MS | Yangdong Chen MS | Hongling Xu MS | Le Sheng MS | Zhiming Zhang MS | Jie Qiu PhD

L' Oreal (China) Research and Innovation Center, Shanghai, China

Correspondence

Jie Qiu, L' Oreal (China) Research and Innovation Center, Shanghai, China.

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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the repairing and anti-wrinkle efficacy of the facial cream enriched with C-xyloside, aiming at comprehensively evaluating its skin anti- aging effect and clarify its potential mechanism of action.

Methods: The repairing efficacy was studied on 3D epidermis skin model and the antiaging efficacy was studied on ex-vivo human skin. Two clinical studies were conducted with Chinese females. In the first study, 49 subjects aged between 30 and 50 with wrinkle concerns were recruited and instructed to apply the investigational cream containing C-xyloside for 8 weeks. Wrinkles attributes were assessed by dermatologist. Instrumental measurements on skin hydration, trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin elasticity were also conducted. In the second study, 30 subjects aged between 25 and 60 with self-declared sensitive skin and facial redness were recruited and instructed to apply the cream for 4 weeks. Biomarker analysis of the stratum corneum was conducted through facial tape strips.

Results: The cream improved the histomorphology of the 3D epidermis skin model after SLS stimulation, and significantly increase the expression of LOR and FLG. On human skin, the cream improved the histopathology induced by UV, and significantly increased the protein content of COL I and COL III, collagen density and the number of Ki-67 positive cell of skin compared with model group (n= 3, p< 0.01). The results from the first clinical study demonstrate a significant increased the skin hydration and elasticity by 21.90%, 13.08% (R2) and 12.30% (R5), respectively (n= 49, p< 0.05), and the TEWL values decreased by 33.94% (n= 49, p< 0.05), after 8 weeks application of the cream. In addition, the scores for nasolabial folds, glabellar wrinkle, underneath eye wrinkles, crow's feet wrinkle and forehead wrinkle in the volunteers exhibited a significant reduction of 34.02%, 43.34%, 50.03%, 33.64% and 55.81% respectively (n= 49, p< 0.05). The (rCE)/(fCE) ratio of volunteers based on tape stripping significant increased after using the sample cream (n= 30, p< 0.05).

Conclusion: The cream containing C-xyloside showed improvement of skin wrinkles and enhancement of skin barrier function. These efficacies may be attributed to the fact that the sample cream can increase the expression of skin barrier related proteins LOR and FLG, promote the maturation of cornified envelope, enhance collagen I and III protein expression and stimulate skin cell proliferation, to provide sufficient evidence supporting its antiaging efficacy of skin.

KEYWORDS

anti-wrinkle/repairing/antiaging, C-xyloside, in vitro, skin barrier, tape stripping

Shanshan Zang and Juanjuan Chen were authors contributed equally to this work.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Biologically Active Sheep Colostrum for Topical Treatment and Skin Care

Kinga Kazimierska 1 , Ilona Szabłowska-Gadomska 2 , Stefan Rudzi ´nski 2 , Katarzyna Ko´sla 3 , Elzbieta Płuciennik ˙ 4 , Łukasz Bobak 5 , Aleksandra Zambrowicz 5 and Urszula Kalinowska-Lis 1,*

1 Department of Cosmetic Raw Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

2 Laboratory for Cell Research and Application, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (I.S.-G.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (S.R.)

3 Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

4 Department of Functional Genomics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

5 Department of Functional Food Products Development, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Science, 51-640 Wrocław, Poland; 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (Ł.B.); 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。 (A.Z.) * Correspondence: 该Email地址已收到反垃圾邮件插件保护。要显示它您需要在浏览器中启用JavaScript。

Abstract: Colostrum is gaining popularity in cosmetic products. The present study compared the composition and selected biological properties of colostrum from Polish sheep (colostrum 1) and Swiss sheep (colostrum 2), particularly those that can affect healthy or diseased skin. The antioxidant activity of the colostrums was measured using ABTS and DPPH assays. The effect on the proliferation of human skin fibroblasts, neonatal epidermal keratinocytes, and human diabetic fibroblast (dHF) cells isolated from diabetic foot ulcers was also assayed in vitro by MTT and Presto Blue tests, respectively. The colostrum simulated dHF cell proliferation by up to 115.4%. The highest used concentration of colostrum 1 stimulated normal fibroblast proliferation by 191.2% (24 h) and 222.2% (48 h). Both colostrums inhibited epidermal keratinocyte viability. The influence of the colostrums on the expression of genes related to proliferation (Ki67) and immune response (IL-6, PTGS-2, TSG-6) in dHF cells were compared. Colostrum 1 increased the rate of wound closure (scar test). Analysis of total fat, protein and fatty acid content found the Polish colostrum to be a richer source of fat than the Swiss colostrum, which contained a larger amount of protein. Both colostrums exhibit properties that suggest they could be effective components in cosmetic or medicinal formulations for skin care, especially supporting its regeneration, rejuvenation, and wound healing.

Keywords: antioxidant; cosmetic ingredients; fibroblasts; keratinocytes; gene expression; proliferation; scar test; sheep colostrum; skin diseases

Citation: Kazimierska, K.; Szabłowska-Gadomska, I.; Rudzi ´nski, S.; Ko´sla, K.; Płuciennik, E.; Bobak, Ł.; Zambrowicz, A.; Kalinowska-Lis, U. Biologically Active Sheep Colostrum for Topical Treatment and Skin Care. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8091. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158091 Academic Editors: Elzbieta Budzisz and Paulina Mucha

Received: 2 July 2024

Revised: 18 July 2024

Accepted: 23 July 2024

Published: 25 July 2024

Copyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/).