Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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18 12月 2025

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Author : 伤口世界

Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

This article is excerpted from the 《Frontiers in Pharmacology》 by Wound World

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Orthostatic hypotension as a marker of increased arterial stiffness in diabetes mellitus
Periodontitis and diabetes: a bidirectional link
Relationship between body adiposity and glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
One year after gestational diabetes: metabolic changes and predictors of postpartum dysglycaemia
Metabolic challenges in rheumatoid arthritis: a translational overview from pathogenesis to patient care

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Orthostatic hypotension as a marker of increased arterial stiffness in diabetes mellitus 2026-05-09 00:00

Merve Oruc1 · Ozant Helvacı2 · Ahmet Oruc3 · Ulver Derici2

Received: 13 February 2026 / Accepted: 12 April 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Background Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes and may reflect underlying autonomic and vascular dysfunction. Arterial stiffness is a key determinant of cardiovascular risk; however, its relationship with OH in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unclear.

Objective To evaluate factors associated with OH and investigate the relationship between arterial stiffness parameters and OH in patients with DM.

Methods This single-center cross-sectional study included 193 patients with DM. Orthostatic blood pressure was measured in the supine position and 3 min after standing. Arterial stiffness was assessed using oscillometric pulse wave velocity (PWV) and related parameters with the Mobil-O-Graph device. Clinical, laboratory, and medication data were analyzed. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with OH.

Results OH was present in 56 patients (29%). Patients with OH had significantly higher central blood pressure and arterial stiffness parameters, including PWV, augmentation pressure, and augmentation index. In multivariate analysis, female sex, older age, diabetic neuropathy, and PWV were independently associated with OH. PWV remained significantly associated with OH after adjustment for confounders. No significant differences were observed between groups regarding antihyper-tensive medication classes.

Conclusion In patients with DM, OH is independently associated with increased arterial stiffness and diabetic neuropathy. These findings suggest a link between orthostatic blood pressure dysregulation and adverse vascular characteristics. Prospec-tive studies are needed to clarify causal relationships and clinical implications.

Keywords Orthostatic hypotension · Arterial stiffness · Pulse wave velocity · Diabetes mellitus · Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

Communicated by Salvatore Corrao, M.D

Merve Oruc

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1 Department of Nephrology, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey

2 Department of Nephrology, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

3 Department of Medical Oncology, Meram School of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
Periodontitis and diabetes: a bidirectional link 2026-05-08 00:00

Thanh T. Nguyen1,2 · Miguel Bandeira3 · Catherine Giannopoulou3 · Alkisti Zekeridou3 · Dongryeol Ryu1 · Karim Gariani4,5

Received: 10 September 2025 / Accepted: 6 January 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the tooth-supporting structures, and its closely linked to diabetes mellitus through a well-established bidirectional relationship. Diabetes exacerbates periodontal destruction via systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and immune dysfunction, while periodontitis can impair glycemic control by increasing systemic inflammatory burden. The pathogenesis of periodontitis remains only partially understood, involving microbial dysbiosis, host immune responses, and metabolic disturbances. The 2018 classification system defines stages and grades based on disease severity and progression risk. Epidemiological data reveal a high global prevalence, particularly among individuals with type 2 diabetes. Studies have shown that periodontal therapy contributes to improved glycemic control and may reduce cardiovascular risk. Despite its clinical significance, periodontitis remains underdiagnosed in the context of diabetic care. Effective management requires integrated medical and dental collaboration, targeting both glycemic regulation and periodontal health. This dual approach offers mutual benefits for reducing complications and improving long-term outcomes in diabetic patients. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the relationship between diabetes and periodontitis, focusing on epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management.

Keywords Diabetes · Periodontitis · Oral health · Oral inflammation · Cardiovascular

Communicated by Annunziata Lapolla.

Karim Gariani

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1 Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea

2 Center of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Genetic/Genomics and Molecular Therapy, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam

3 Division of Regenerative Dental Medicine and Periodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

4 Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Specialties, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva 1205, Switzerland

5 Faculty Diabetes Center, University of Geneva Medical Center, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
Relationship between body adiposity and glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes 2026-05-07 00:00

Claudio Maffeis1 · Ilaria Fierri1 · Elisa Morotti1 · Erika Caiazza1 · Quincy Pedranzini1 · Marco Marigliano1 · Claudia Piona1

Received: 20 October 2025 / Accepted: 6 January 2026 / Published online: 31 January 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Aims To investigate the relationship between body adiposity and glycemic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods This cross-sectional study included 364 children and adolescents aged 6–18 years with T1D. Anthropometric indi-ces [BMI, BMI Z-score, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)] and body composition [fat mass (FM), FM%, fat mass index (FMI)], assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis, were obtained. Hemoglobin A1c and glucose sensor metrics, including time in range (TIR), were used to assess glycemic control. Associations between variables were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Logistic regression models were run to identify independent predictors of HbA1c<7.0% and TIR>70%, with FMI, WHtR, total daily insulin dose per kg (TDD), treatment modalities, sex, age, diabetes duration, and pubertal stage as independent variables.

Results Adiposity measures (FMI, FM%, and WHtR) were positively associated with HbA1c and negatively with TIR in both sexes. Logistic regression showed that HbA1c<7% and TIR>70% were significantly predicted by FMI [OR(95%CI): 0.822(0.704–0.960), p=0.013, and 0.807(0.681–0.955), p=0.012, respectively] and WHtR(x100) [OR(95%CI): 0.927(0.874– 0.983), p=0.013, and 0.923(0.866–0.985), p=0.015, respectively], independently of TDD, sex, treatment modalities and the other independent variables.

Conclusions Body adiposity negatively impacts glycemic control in children and adolescents with T1D, independent of sex and insulin treatment modalities. Despite technological advances in diabetes care, excess adiposity is emerging as a key modifiable factor associated with poorer glycemic outcomes and, consequently, poorer long-term health in children and adolescents with T1D.

Keywords Type 1 diabetes · Children · Body mass index · Adiposity · HbA1c · TIR

Abbreviations

ADA American Diabetes Association

AID Automated insulin delivery

BMI Body mass index

BP blood pressure

CGM Continuous glucose monitoring

Communicated by Annunziata Lapolla

Marco Marigliano

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1 Section of Pediatric Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Pediatrics, and Gynecology, University and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, Piazzale Stefani, 1, Verona 37126, Italy

CVRFs Cardiovascular risk factors

FM Fat mass

FMI Fat mass index

GRI Glycemia risk index

HDL High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

IP Insulin Pump

ISPAD International Society for Pediatric and Adoles

cent Diabetes

LDL Low-density lipoprotein

MDI Multiple daily injection

PwD People with type 1 diabetes

TAR Time above range

TBR Time below range

TDD Total daily dose/kg of body weight

TG Triglycerides (TG)

TIR Time in range

T1D Type 1 diabetes

WC Waist circumference

WHtR Waist-to-height ratio

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主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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Betaine: a promising novel anti-aging substance as an exercise mimetic

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