Boost of cosmetic active ingredient penetration triggered and controlled by the delivery of kHz plasma jet on human skin explants

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主任医师、教授、博导，南方医科大学第三附属医院（广东省骨科医院）院长

中德骨科伤口管理学校校长

广东省骨科研究院运动医学研究所所长

广东省内运动医学专业唯一的博士研究生导师

美国哈弗大学医学院骨科访问学者

专业特长处于省内领先、国内或国际先进水平以上

2018年获得“国之名医卓越建树”荣誉称号

2017年被评为全国卫生计生系统先进工作者、广东省医学领军人才

中国医师协会运动医师分会副会长

STCOT中国部运动医学分会副主任委员

广东省医学会关节外科分会主任委员

广东省医学会运动医学会分会名誉主任委员

独立承担过国家“863”课题，主持过10余项省、部级科研项目

多份专业杂志编委
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The UBR5 protein facilitates mesangial cell hypertrophy and glycolysis induced by high glucose by increasing the phosphorylation levels of AKT 2026-06-12 00:00

Lin Liao1 · Qiming Xu2 · Jie Xu3 · Jie Chen1 · Wenrui Liu1 · Wenhao Chen1 · Yunqing Tang1 · Lianxiang Duan1 · Yue Guo1 · Ziyang Liu1 · Pengyu Tao2 · Yu Cao2 · Jianrao Lu1 · Jing Hu1,4

Received: 14 June 2024 / Accepted: 31 January 2025 / Published online: 13 February 2025 © The Author(s) 2025

Abstract

Aims One of the primary pathological features in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy is mesangial cell (MC) hypertro-phy in the glomerulus. Considering the role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in regulating MC hypertrophy, the aim of this study was to identify the functional ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component N-recognin 5 (UBR5) during MC hypertrophy under high glucose conditions.

Methods Human MCs (HMCs) transduced with UBR5 silencing or overexpression vector were treated with high glucose, AKT inhibitor, or glycolysis inhibitor. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, hypertrophy and glycolysis were evaluated in the HMCs after indicated treatment. m6A methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, and RNA immunoprecipi-tation were performed to determine the regulation of UBR5 by Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP)/insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 1 (IGF2BP1) induced m6A modification. Western blot was performed to determine the protein expression levels.

Results UBR5 expression was upregulated in db/db mice and in high glucose-induced HMCs. UBR5 silencing inhibited high glucose-induced HMC cell cycle arrest, cell hypertrophy, and glycolysis. UBR5 facilitated HMC hypertrophy and gly colysis by promoting the phosphorylation levels of AKT. Additionally, the promoting effect of glycolysis on cell hypertrophy were also elucidated. Further investigation into upstream regulators revealed that WTAP promoted m6A modification of UBR5 through the m6A reader IGF2BP1.

Conclusions Our study unveils a novel mechanism involved in high glucose-induced cell hypertrophy, offering new insights into the understanding and treatment of early pathological mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy.

Keywords High glucose · Hypertrophy · Glycolysis · UBR5, AKT phosphorylation

HbA1c variability as an independent risk factor for diabetic retinopathy: results from a screening program 2026-06-11 00:00

Maria Ida Maiorino1,2 · Carlo Gesualdo3,4 · Silvia Angelino5 · Settimio Rossi3 · Nicole Di Martino2 · Clemente Iodice3,5 · Miriam Longo1,4 · Lorenzo Scappaticcio1,2 · Giuseppe Bellastella1,2 · Francesca Simonelli3 · Katherine Esposito1,2,5

Received: 4 January 2026 / Accepted: 6 May 2026 © The Author(s) 2026

Abstract

Aims To investigate the independent association between long-term glycemic variability, measured as the coefficient of variation (CV) of HbA1c, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a cohort of adults with diabetes within a system-atic eye screening program.

Methods This study screened 379 adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Long-term glycemic variability was calculated as the CV of serial HbA1c measurements. DR was assessed via dilated fundus photography. The association between HbA1c CV and DR was analyzed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for confounders.

Results DR incidence of 12.4%, mostly mild non-proliferative. The median HbA1c CV was 7.0% (53 mmol/mol). In unad-justed bivariate analysis, the incidence of mild DR was higher in the low- glycemic variability group (CV<5%) compared to the high- glycemic variability group. However, the multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that higher HbA1c CV was independently associated with the presence of DR (β=0.643, P=0.042), alongside diabetes duration (P<0.001) and age (P<0.001).

Conclusions In conclusion, in a cohort of individuals with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and a low incidence of DR, long-term glycemic variability, estimated as HbA1c CV, was independently associated with an increased risk of this complication.

Keywords Diabetic retinopathy · Glucose variability · Type 1 diabetes · Type 2 diabetes · Retinopathy screening · HbA1c coefficient of variation
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